A Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Effect of Abutment Materials on Stress Distribution around Peri-implant Bone in Immediate and Delayed Loading Conditions
Published: June 1, 2022 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2022/55199.16523
Saumya Agarwal, Anshul Trivedi, Chandan K Kusum, Roma Goswami, Apoorva Mowar
1. Postgraduate Trainee, Department of Prosthodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2. Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
3. Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
4. Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
5. Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Correspondence
Dr. Saumya Agarwal,
Postgraduate Trainee, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
E-mail: saumya.aga13@gmail.com
Introduction: Osseointegration is important for successful dental implant treatments. Abutment materials affect the load transfer to the implant and surrounding bone thus determining the long term implant survival.
Aim: To perform stress analysis around peri-implant hard tissue with different abutment materials and their comparative evaluation in immediate and delayed loading conditions using finite element analysis.
Materials and Methods: An in-vitro experimental study was carried out at Department of Prosthodontics at Subharti Dental College Meerut, Uttar Pradesh in December 2021. on a root form titanium grade IV Implant, assembled with an abutment Ø4.0-0.5GH and this test model was three-dimensional (3D) scanned, reconstructed on computer-aided design software CREO. Six abutment groups: group 1- zirconia with Delayed Loading (DL), group 2- Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) with DL, group 3- Titanium grade Extra Low Interstitial (ELI) with DL, group 4- zirconia with Immediate Loading (IL), group 5- PEEK with IL, group 6- titanium grade ELI with IL, were loaded from vertical, horizontal and oblique direction. Von Mises and principal stress analysis was done on the implant and the peri-implant bone using the finite element method and the statistical analysis was done.
Results: For delayed loading group, highest stresses were generated in group 1 (462.88 MPa), followed by group 3 (413.72 MPa) and least in group 2 (319.38 MPa). For immediate loading, highest to lowest stresses were in group 4 (694.32 MPa), group 6 (620.58 MPa) and group 5 (479.07 MPa). The principal stress analysis showed significant difference between all groups in cancellous bone and cortical bone except between titanium and customised zirconia abutment in cortical bone in delayed loading (p=0.0846) and in immediate loading (p=0.1125).
Conclusion: Change in abutment materials significantly affects the stress generated in and around the implant thus more studies must be carried out to reach a consensus on the most optimal material encouraging least dissipation in peri-implant hard tissues.
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